{0>Trade Secrets Act ( 1996.01.17 Announced )<}0{>營業秘密法(民國85年01月17日公布)<0}
{0>Article 1 (The Legislative Purpose) This Act is enacted to protect trade secrets, maintain industrial ethics and order in competition, and balance societal and public interests. Matters not provided for in this Act shall be governed by other laws. <}0{>第1條 為保障營業秘密，維護產業倫理與競爭秩序，調和社會公共利益，特制定本法。本法未規定者，適用其他法律之規定。<0}
{0>Article 2 (The Definition of Trade Secret) The term "trade secret" as used in this Act shall mean any method, technique, process, formula, program, design, or other information that may be used in the course of production, sales, or operations, and also meet the following requirements:<}0{>第2條 本法所稱營業秘密，係指方法、技術、製程、配方、程式、設計或其他可用於生產、銷售或經營之資訊，而符合左列要件者：<0}
{0>(1) It is not known to persons generally involved in the information of this type;<}0{>一非一般涉及該類資訊之人所知者。<0}
{0>(2) It has economic value, actual or potential, due to its secretive nature; and <}0{>二因其秘密性而具有實際或潛在之經濟價值者。<0}
{0>(3) Its owner has taken reasonable measures to maintain its secrecy. <}0{>三所有人已採取合理之保密措施者。<0}
{0>Article 3 (The Ownership of a Trade Secret from Employment) If a trade secret is the result of research or development by an employee during the performance of employment, the trade secret shall belong to the employer unless otherwise provided for in a contract, and in which case the contract shall prevail.<}0{>第3條 受雇人於職務上研究或開發之營業秘密，歸雇用人所有。但契約另有約定者，從其約定。<0}
{0>If a trade secret is the result of research or development by an employee other than during the performance of employment, the trade secret shall belong to the employee. <}0{>受雇人於非職務上研究或開發之營業秘密，歸受雇人所有。<0}
{0>However, if the trade secret is the result of utilizing the employer´s resources or experience, the employer may make use of such a trade secret in the employer´s business after paying a reasonable compensation to the employee. <}0{>但其營業秘密係利用雇用人之資源或經驗者，雇用人得於支付合理報酬後，於該事業使用其營業秘密。<0}
{0>Article 4 (The Ownership of a Trade Secret from a Funded Contract) Where one provides funding and contracts another to conduct research or development that resulted in a trade secret, the ownership of the trade secret shall be determined by the terms of the contract. <}0{>第4條 出資聘請他人從事研究或開發之營業秘密，其營業秘密之歸屬依契約之約定；<0}
{0>If the ownership is not specified in the contract, the trade secret shall belong to the contracted party; however, the contracting party shall be entitled to make use of such trade secret within the contracting party´s business. <}0{>契約未約定者，歸受聘人所有。但出資人得於業務上使用其營業秘密。<0}
{0>Article 5 (The Ownership of a Jointly-Developed Trade Secret) Where a trade secret is the result of joint research or development by two or more parties, the respective shares in the ownership of the trade secret shall be determined by contract. In the absence of a contract, an equal share of the ownership shall be presumed. <}0{>第5條 數人共同研究或開發之營業秘密，其應有部分依契約之約定；無約定者，推定為均等。<0}
{0>Article 6 (The Assignment of a Trade Secret) A trade secret may be assigned in whole or in part, or jointly owned.<}0{>第6條 營業秘密得全部或部分讓與他人或與他人共有。<0}
{0>Any use or disposition of a jointly-owned trade secret shall be unanimously approved by all co-owners in the absence of a contractual provision. <}0{>營業秘密為共有時，對營業秘密之使用或處分，如契約未有約定者，應得共有人之全體同意。<0}
{0>However, no co-owner shall refuse consent without proper justification.<}0{>但各共有人無正當理由，不得拒絕同意。<0}
{0>No co-owner may assign its share of the ownership without the consent of the remaining co-owners, unless otherwise provided for in a contract, and in which case the contract shall prevail. <}0{>各共有人非經其他共有人之同意，不得以其應有部分讓與他人。但契約另有約定者，從其約定。<0}
{0>Article 7 (The Licensing of a Trade Secret) An owner of a trade secret may grant a license to another for the use of the trade secret. The territory, term, contents, methods of use or other matters in connection with the license shall be determined by the contract between the parties.<}0{>第7條 營業秘密所有人得授權他人使用其營業秘密。其授權使用之地域、時間、內容、使用方法或其他事項，依當事人之約定。<0}
{0>The licensee as referred to in the preceding Paragraph shall not sub-license the licensed trade secret without the consent of the trade secret owner.<}0{>前項被授權人非經營業秘密所有人同意，不得將其被授權使用之營業秘密再授權第三人使用。<0}
{0>No co-owner shall grant a license to another for the use of the jointly-owned trade secret without the unanimous consent of the remaining co-owners. However, no co-owner shall refuse consent without proper justification. <}0{>營業秘密共有人非經共有人全體同意，不得授權他人使用該營業秘密。但各共有人無正當理由，不得拒絕。<0}
{0>Article 8 (The Unavailability of a Trade Secret´s Being Pledged and Compulsorily Enforced) A trade secret shall not be used as the subject matter of a pledge or compulsory execution. <}0{>第8條 營業秘密不得為質權及強制執行之標的。<0}
{0>Article 9 (The Government Officials´ Confidentiality Duty) No government employee shall use or disclose without due cause any trade secrets of others known or obtained through the performance of his official duties.<}0{>第9條 公務員因承辦公務而知悉或持有他人之營業秘密者，不得使用或無故洩漏之。<0}
{0>No parties, representatives of the parties, advocates, expert witnesses, witnesses, and other parties related to the case shall use or disclose without due cause any trade secrets of others, known or obtained by virtue of a judicial investigation or proceeding.<}0{>當事人、代理人、辯護人、鑑定人、證人及其他相關之人，因司法機關偵查或審理而知悉或持有他人營業秘密者，不得使用或無故洩漏之。<0}
{0>The provision of the preceding Paragraph shall apply mutatis mutandis to arbitrators and other relevant parties involved in arbitration matters. <}0{>仲裁人及其他相關之人處理仲裁事件，準用前項之規定。<0}
{0>Article 10 (The Infringement of a Trade Secret) Any of the following acts shall be deemed as a misappropriation of a trade secret:<}0{>第10條 有左列情形之一者，為侵害營業秘密。<0}
{0>(1) To acquire a trade secret by improper means;<}0{>一以不正當方法取得營業秘密者。<0}
{0>(2) To acquire, use, or disclose a trade secret as defined in the preceding Item knowingly or unknowingly due to gross negligence;<}0{>二知悉或因重大過失而不知其為前款之營業秘密，而取得、使用或洩漏者。<0}
{0>(3) To use or disclose an acquired trade secret knowing, or not knowing due to gross negligence, that it is a trade secret as defined in Item One;<}0{>三取得營業秘密後，知悉或因重大過失而不知其為第一款之營業秘密，而使用或洩漏者。<0}
{0>(4) To use or disclose by improper means a legally acquired trade secret; or <}0{>四因法律行為取得營業秘密，而以不正當方法使用或洩漏者。<0}
{0>(5) To use or to disclose without due cause a trade secret to which the law imposes a duty to maintain secrecy;<}0{>五依法令有守營業秘密之義務，而使用或無故洩漏者。<0}
{0>The term "improper means" as referred to in the preceding Paragraph shall mean theft, fraud, coercion, bribery, unauthorized reproduction, breach of an obligation to maintain secrecy, inducement of others to breach an obligation to maintain secrecy, or any other similar means. <}0{>前項所稱之不正當方法，係指竊盜、詐欺、脅迫、賄賂、擅自重製、違反保密義務、引誘他人違反其保密義務或其他類似方法。<0}
{0>Article 11 (Civil Remedies) If a trade secret is misappropriated, the injured party may request for the removal of such misappropriation. If there is a likelihood of misappropriation, a prevention may be requested.<}0{>第11條 營業秘密受侵害時，被害人得請求排除之，有侵害之虞者，得請求防止之。<0}
{0>When requesting for a remedy available under the preceding Paragraph, the injured party may request for the destruction or other necessary dispositions of products generated from the misappropriation or items used exclusively in the misappropriation. <}0{>被害人為前項請求時，對於侵害行為作成之物或專供侵害所用之物，得請求銷燬或為其他必要之處置。<0}
{0>Article 12 (Civil Liability and Statutory Limitation) One who intentionally or negligently misappropriates another´s trade secret shall be liable for damages. If two or more parties jointly misappropriate, such parties shall be jointly and severally liable.<}0{>第12條 因故意或過失不法侵害他人之營業秘密者，負損害賠償責任。數人共同不法侵害者，連帶負賠償責任。<0}
{0> The right to claim for damages as referred to in the preceding Paragraph shall be extinguished if the right is not exercised within two (2) years from the date when the owner of the right has knowledge of both the act of misappropriation and the identity of the party liable for the damages, or within ten (10) years from the act of misappropriation. <}0{>前項之損害賠償請求權，自請求權人知有行為及賠償義務人時起，二年間不行使而消滅；自行為時起，逾十年者亦同。<0}
{0>Article 13 (The Methods of Calculating Damages) An injured party may choose any of the following provisions to request for damages in accordance with the preceding Article:<}0{>第13條 依前條請求損害賠償時，被害人得依左列各款規定擇一請求：<0}
{0>(1) To make a claim based upon Article 216 of the Civil Code. However, if the injured party is unable to prove the amount of damages, the party may take as damages the amount of profits normally expected from the use of the trade secret minus the amount of profits earned after the misappropriation; or <}0{>一依民法第二百十六條之規定請求。但被害人不能證明其損害時，得以其使用時依通常情形可得預期之利益，減除被侵害後使用同一營業秘密所得利益之差額，為其所受損害。<0}
{0>(2) To request for the profits earned through the act of misappropriation from the one who misappropriated. However, if the one who misappropriated is unable to prove the costs or the necessary expenses, the total income gained from the act(s) of misappropriation shall be deemed the profits.<}0{>二請求侵害人因侵害行為所得之利益。但侵害人不能證明其成本或必要費用時，以其侵害行為所得之全部收入，為其所得利益。<0}
{0>Based on the provisions set forth in the preceding Paragraph, if an act of misappropriation is found to be intentional, the court may, at the request of the injured party and by taking into consideration the circumstances of the misappropriation, award an amount greater than the actual damages, provided that the amount shall not exceed three times the amount of the proven damages. <}0{>依前項規定，侵害行為如屬故意，法院得因被害人之請求，依侵害情節，酌定損害額以上之賠償。但不得超過已證明損害額之三倍。<0}
{0>Article 14 (The Secrecy Maintenance of Trial on a Trade Secret) To try trade secrets suits, the court may establish a special tribunal or appoint a designated person(s) to administer the case.<}0{>第14條 法院為審理營業秘密訴訟案件，得設立專業法庭或指定專人辦理。<0}
{0>If assertions or defenses advanced by parties to a litigation relate to trade secrets, and at the request of the parties, the court may, as it deems appropriate, close the trial to the public and/or restrict access to the files of the litigation related information. <}0{>當事人提出之攻擊或防禦方法涉及營業秘密，經當事人聲請，法院認為適當者，得不公開審判或限制閱覽訴訟資料。<0}
{0>Article 15 (The Reciprocity Principle) A foreign national´s trade secret(s) will not receive protection in R.O.C., if the foreign national´s home country has not signed a bilateral trade secrets protection treaty or agreement with R.O.C., or does not provide protection to trade secrets owned by R.O.C. nationals according to the laws and regulations of the foreign national´s home country. <}0{>第15條 外國人所屬之國家與中華民國如無相互保護營業秘密之條約或協定，或依其本國法令對中華民國國民之營業秘密不予保護者，其營業秘密得不予保護。<0}
{0>Article 16 (Effective Date) This Act shall come into force from the date of promulgation. <}0{>第16條 本法自公布日施行。<0}